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英語翻譯：新冠病毒疫情防控相關(guān)詞匯
一、疫病名稱
冠狀病毒
coronavirus
2019新型冠狀病毒
2019 novel coronavirus (2019-nCoV)
肺炎
pneumonia
病毒性肺炎
viral pneumonia
不明原因肺炎
pneumonia of unknown etiology/cause
嚴(yán)重急性呼吸綜合征（非典）
severe acute respiratory syndrome (SARS)
嚴(yán)重急性呼吸道感染
severe acute respiratory infection (SARI)
急性呼吸窘迫綜合征
acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS)
中東呼吸綜合征
Middle East respiratory syndrome (MERS)
呼吸道疾病（呼吸系統(tǒng)疾病）
respiratory diseases
二、傳染防控
國際關(guān)注的突發(fā)公共衛(wèi)生事件
Public Health Emergency of International Concern (PHEIC)
乙類傳染病
Category B infectious diseases
人傳人
person-to-person/human-to-human transmission
行走的傳染源
mobile source of infection
潛伏期
incubation/latent period
無癥狀的潛伏期
silent/asymptomatic incubation period
特定傳染病
specific infectious disease
病毒攜帶者 virus carrier
無癥狀攜帶者
asymptomatic carrier
超級(jí)傳播者
super spreader
飛沫傳播
droplet transmission
接觸傳播
contact transmission
病毒的蔓延
spread of a virus
隱性感染
covert/silent/inapparent/subclinical infection
外源性感染
exogenous infection
密切接觸者
close contact
接觸者追蹤
contact tracing
傳染途徑
route of transmission
傳播方式
mode of transmission
宿主
host
易感人群
susceptible/vulnerable population
醫(yī)院/院內(nèi)感染
nosocomial infection; hospital-acquired infection
職業(yè)暴露
occupational exposure
確診病例
confirmed case
疑似病例
suspected case
散在病例
sporadic case
輸入性病例
imported case
二代病例
second-generation case
傳染性
transmissibility; infectivity
致病性
pathogenicity
疫情
epidemic; outbreak
疫區(qū)
affected area
發(fā)病
morbidity
發(fā)熱病人
patients with fever; febrile patients; fever patients
重癥
severe case
發(fā)病率
incidence rate
死亡率
mortality rate
病死率（致死率）
fatality/mortality/death rate
治愈率
recovery rate
疫情防控
epidemic prevention and control
監(jiān)測(cè)體溫
to monitor body temperature
體溫檢測(cè)
to check body temperature
早發(fā)現(xiàn)、早隔離
early detection and early isolation
隔離治療
to receive treatment in isolation
自我隔離
to quarantine yourself in your home; self-monitored quarantine
臨床數(shù)據(jù)
clinical data
核酸檢測(cè)
nucleic acid testing (NAT)
血清診斷
serodiagnosis
自覺接受醫(yī)學(xué)觀察
to present yourself to medical observation
解除醫(yī)學(xué)觀察
to be discharged from medical observation
診斷、治療、追蹤和篩查
diagnosis, treatment, tracing and screening
預(yù)防措施
preventive measure
疫苗
vaccine
戴口罩
to wear a mask
勤洗手/仔細(xì)洗手
to wash your hands often/carefully
消毒
disinfection
避免去人多的地方
avoid crowds
健康篩查
health screening
旅行限制
travel restrictions
健康申報(bào)表
health declaration form
海鮮市場(chǎng)
seafood market
活體農(nóng)貿(mào)市場(chǎng)
live animal market
濕貨市場(chǎng)
wet market
野味
bushmeat; game
果子貍
masked palm civet
蝙蝠
bat
竹鼠
bamboo rat
獾
badger
三、政策舉措
突發(fā)公共衛(wèi)生事件
public health emergency
啟動(dòng)重大突發(fā)公共衛(wèi)生事件一級(jí)響應(yīng)
to activate first-level public health emergency response
掌握情況，不漏一人
to have full knowledge of the situation (of the community) and leave no one unchecked
遏制疫情蔓延
to contain the outbreak
封城
A city is on lockdown./A city goes into lockdown.
延遲開學(xué)
to postpone the reopening of schools
延長春節(jié)假期
to extend the Chinese New Year holiday
（公共場(chǎng)所）消毒、通風(fēng)以及體溫檢測(cè)
disinfection, ventilation and body temperature monitoring (in public areas)
應(yīng)急醫(yī)院
makeshift hospital
火神山醫(yī)院
Huoshenshan Hospital (in Wuhan)
雷神山醫(yī)院
Leishenshan Hospital (in Wuhan)
暫停海外團(tuán)隊(duì)旅行
to suspend overseas group tours
關(guān)閉景點(diǎn)
to close scenic spots
取消大型集會(huì)
to cancel mass gatherings
減少外出
to make fewer trips outside
控制人口流動(dòng)
to curb population flow
兩周觀察期
two-week observation period
停運(yùn)長途汽車
to halt long-distance buses
調(diào)減市內(nèi)公交
to reduce the frequency of bus services in the city
特殊報(bào)銷政策
special reimbursement rules
緊平衡
in tight balance
醫(yī)療物資緊缺
shortage of medical supplies
日常基本生活物資
daily necessities
跨境采購
cross-border procurement
囤積食物
to stock up on food
捂貨惜售
hoarding
瞞報(bào)
to underreport
哄抬價(jià)格
price gouging
頂格處罰
the maximum penalty
四、機(jī)構(gòu)、職業(yè)群體和場(chǎng)所名稱
世衛(wèi)組織
World Health Organization (WHO)
中央應(yīng)對(duì)新型冠狀病毒感染肺炎疫情工作領(lǐng)導(dǎo)小組（中央應(yīng)對(duì)疫情工作領(lǐng)導(dǎo)小組）
Leading Group of the CPC Central Committee for Novel Coronavirus Prevention and Control
國家衛(wèi)生健康委員會(huì)（國家衛(wèi)健委）
National Health Commission (NHS)
中國疾病預(yù)防控制中心（中國疾控中心）
Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention (China CDC)
國家醫(yī)療保障局（國家醫(yī)保局）
National Healthcare Security Administration (NHSA)
醫(yī)療機(jī)構(gòu)
medical institution
衛(wèi)生機(jī)構(gòu)
health institution
醫(yī)療從業(yè)者
medical practitioner; healthcare professional
醫(yī)療人員
medical personnel; health workforce; health workers
一線醫(yī)護(hù)人員
frontline health workers
鐘南山
Zhong Nanshan, a prominent Chinese expert in respiratory diseases (and a hero of the 2003 fight against SARS)
定點(diǎn)醫(yī)院
designated hospitals
發(fā)熱門診
fever clinic
重癥監(jiān)護(hù)病房
intensive care unit (ICU)
檢疫所
quarantine office
藥店
pharmacy; drugstore
五、病理癥狀
病理
pathology
病原體
pathogen
病毒變異
virus variation
病毒突變
virus mutation
臨床表現(xiàn)
clinical picture
上呼吸道感染
upper respiratory tract infection (URTI)
低氧血癥
hypoxemia; low blood oxygen
纖維化
fibrosis
肺膿腫
lung abscess
雙肺浸潤性病灶
infiltration in both lungs
發(fā)熱
fever
乏力
fatigue
干咳
dry cough
頭疼
headache
胸悶
chest distress; chest oppression
心慌
palpitations
惡心想吐
nausea
腹瀉
diarrhea
呼吸困難
dyspnea; respiratory distress; breathing difficulties
呼吸急促（氣促）
shortness of breath; panting
感染性休克
septic shock
六、器具名稱
紅外體溫測(cè)量儀
infrared thermometer
體溫檢測(cè)熱像儀
thermal imaging camera for temperature monitoring
診斷器具
diagnostic tool/kit
消毒液
disinfectant; antiseptic solution
消毒濕巾
disinfectant/antiseptic wipes
含酒精洗手液
alcohol-based hand rub/sanitizer
口罩
facemask; mask
N95口罩
N95 mask/respirator
醫(yī)用外科口罩
surgical mask
防護(hù)服
protective suit
護(hù)目鏡
goggles
一次性手套
disposable gloves
負(fù)壓救護(hù)車
negative pressure ambulance
七、其他醫(yī)學(xué)名詞
國際衛(wèi)生條例
International Health Regulations (IHR)
流行病學(xué)
epidemiology
流行病學(xué)調(diào)查（流調(diào)）
epidemiological investigation
呼吸器官
respiratory organs
呼吸道
respiratory tract
消化系統(tǒng)
digestive system
神經(jīng)系統(tǒng)
nervous system
腎功能
renal function
流感
influenza; flu
結(jié)膜炎
conjunctivitis; pink eye
宿疾、慢性病
chronic ailment; chronic disease
高血壓
hypertension; high blood pressure
糖尿病
diabetes; diabetes mellitus
心血管病
cardiovascular disease
基因序列
genetic sequence
基因結(jié)構(gòu)
genetic structure
試劑
reagent
診斷
diagnosis
檢測(cè)樣本
test sample
醫(yī)學(xué)觀察
medical watch; medical observation
病毒分離
virus isolation
抗病毒藥
antiviral drug
退燒藥
febrifuge; antipyretic
來源：中國外文局中國翻譯研究院
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